What is the function of textile machine accessories
Information summary：Textile machinery accessories are the core supporting units for the normal operation of textile machinery and the realization of the textile production process (from fibers to finished fabrics). Their functions can be disassembled according to the core links of textile production (spinning, weaving, dyeing and finishing, etc.), covering both the basic function of "ensuring the stable operation of
Textile machinery accessories are the core supporting units for the normal operation of textile machinery and the realization of the textile production process (from fibers to finished fabrics). Their functions can be disassembled according to the core links of textile production (spinning, weaving, dyeing and finishing, etc.), covering both the basic function of "ensuring the stable operation of machinery" and the key value of "improving the quality and efficiency of textile products". They can be specifically divided into the following categories:
1、 Core function: Ensure the "basic operation" of textile machinery
Textile machinery is a complex system composed of thousands of precision components, and the core function of most textile machinery parts is to "maintain the normal transmission, positioning, and movement of the machinery", avoid equipment shutdown or failure, and is the "cornerstone" of production. The typical representatives and functions of such accessories are as follows:
Transmission accessories: such as gears, pulleys, couplings, rollers (core transmission components of spinning machines).
Function: To correctly transmit the power of the motor to various execution units of the machinery (such as the stretching mechanism of the spinning machine and the opening mechanism of the weaving machine), ensure the synchronization of the speed and direction of each component, and avoid fiber breakage and fabric texture disorder caused by power transmission deviation.
2. Supporting and positioning accessories: such as bearings, shaft sleeves, guide rails, and sliders.
Function: To provide stable support for mechanical rotating/moving parts (such as the frame of the weaving machine and the guide roller of the dyeing and finishing equipment), reduce friction loss, and ensure the correct movement trajectory of the parts (such as the guide rail ensuring that the frame is not offset when lifting up and down), avoiding product defects caused by component shaking.
3. Connection and fastening accessories: such as special bolts, nuts, buckles, and expansion sleeves.
Function: To firmly connect the disassembled parts of the machinery (such as the stretching frame of the spinning machine and the reed seat of the weaving machine), prevent the parts from loosening due to high-speed operation (textile machinery speed often reaches 1000-5000 revolutions per minute), and avoid equipment noise, vibration, and even safety accidents.
2、 Key role: Control the "process accuracy" of textile production
The quality of textile products, such as yarn fineness uniformity, fabric density, and fabric surface flatness, relies entirely on the correct control of process parameters, which requires specific textile machine accessories to be implemented - they are equivalent to mechanical "precision actuators" that directly determine whether the production process meets the standards.
1. Spinning process: Control fiber morphology and yarn quality
Needle cloth (core accessory of carding machine): Its function is to comb the fibers in the raw cotton, separate the tangled fibers into single strands, and remove impurities (such as cotton knots and short fibers). If the tooth density and tooth shape of the needle cloth do not meet the standards, it will lead to high impurity content and excessive fuzz in the yarn.
Spindle (core component of fine yarn machine): Its function is to drive the spindle to rotate at high speed, twisting the coarse yarn into fine yarn. Its speed stability (such as whether it "jumps the spindle") directly determines the uniformity of yarn twist - uneven twist can lead to a decrease in yarn strength and easy breakage.
Guide hooks and yarn separators: Their function is to guide the yarn to maintain a fixed path during the spinning process, avoiding yarn entanglement or deviation, and ensuring consistent yarn fineness (such as avoiding "coarse knots" and "details").
2. Weaving process: Control the interweaving accuracy of warp and weft yarns
Heddle (opening mechanism accessory of weaving machine): Its function is to drive the warp yarn to rise and fall up and down, forming a "weaving mouth" (a channel for weft yarn to pass through). Each heddle corresponds to one warp yarn. If the heddle is deformed or stuck, it will cause the warp yarn to break and the fabric surface to have "broken warp" defects.
Steel Reed (Weaving Machine Weaving Mechanism Accessory): Its function is to push the weft yarn towards the weaving mouth, fix the fabric density (such as the number of weft yarns per centimeter of fabric), and the tooth pitch accuracy of the steel reed directly determines whether the fabric density is uniform - tooth pitch deviation can cause the fabric surface to become "sparse".
Weft fork and storage device: Its function is to detect whether the weft yarn is broken, and to stably control the weft yarn conveying speed, avoiding "broken weft" defects caused by failure to stop the machine in time due to weft yarn breakage, or wrinkling of the fabric surface caused by too fast/too slow weft yarn conveying.
3. Dyeing and Finishing Process: Control the "Uniform Treatment" of the Fabric
Guide roller (dyeing and finishing machine accessory): Its function is to guide the fabric to move uniformly in the dyeing tank and setting machine, ensuring that each part of the fabric can evenly contact the dye or setting agent. If the surface of the guide roller is not smooth or the speed is uneven, it will cause "color difference" and "wrinkling" of the fabric during dyeing and setting.
Roller (accessory of rolling dyeing machine): Its function is to evenly press the dye onto the surface of the fabric and control the amount of liquid carried (such as residual rate). The uniformity of the pressure of the roller directly determines the penetration depth of the dye on the fabric - uneven pressure can cause "color spots" on the fabric surface.
3、 Extension effect: Improve production efficiency and reduce costs
In addition to ensuring smooth operation and quality control, excellent textile machinery accessories can also indirectly improve production efficiency and reduce enterprise costs by reducing downtime and extending mechanical life
Vulnerable parts (such as rubber rollers, blades, seals): These accessories come into direct contact with fibers or dyes and are prone to wear and aging. If high wear-resistant materials are used (such as nitrile rubber for spinning rubber rollers), the replacement cycle can be extended (from 1 month to 3 months), reducing downtime caused by replacement parts (losing several hours of production per shutdown).
Lubrication accessories (such as oil cups, oil pipes, and oil filters): Their function is to provide lubrication for mechanical moving parts (such as gears and bearings), reduce friction losses. If the oil filter can effectively filter impurities, it can avoid component wear caused by lubricating oil pollution, extend the life of mechanical core components (such as main shafts) (from 3 years to 5 years), and reduce equipment maintenance costs.
Detection accessories (such as yarn breakage sensors and tension sensors): Their function is to monitor production abnormalities in real time (such as yarn breakage or excessive fabric tension), trigger shutdowns or alarms, and avoid batch defects caused by abnormal expansion (such as producing tens of meters of "broken warp fabric" due to undetected yarn breakage), reducing raw material waste.
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